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CODE: 24308ABuy ONET/DOT: Download or CD-ROM

TITLE: Biochemists

DEFINITION: Research or study chemical composition and processes of living organisms that affect vital processes such as growth and aging to determine chemical actions and effects on organisms such as the action of foods, drugs, or other substances on body functions and tissues.

  • TASKS
  • KNOWLEDGE
  • SKILLS
  • ABILITIES
  • WORK ACTIVITIES
  • WORK CONTEXT
  • INTERESTS
  • WORK VALUES
  • CROSSWALKS


    TASKS:

    1. Studies chemistry of living processes, such as cell development, breathing and digestion, and living energy changes, such as growth, aging, and death.

    2. Researches methods of transferring characteristics, such as resistance to disease, from one organism to another.

    3. Researches and determines chemical action of substances, such as drugs, serums, hormones, and food on tissues and vital processes.

    4. Examines chemical aspects of formation of antibodies, and researches chemistry of cells and blood corpuscles.

    5. Isolates, analyzes, and identifies hormones, vitamins, allergens, minerals, and enzymes, and determines their effects on body functions.

    6. Develops and executes tests to detect disease, genetic disorders, or other abnormalities.

    7. Develops methods to process, store, and use food,     drugs, and chemical compounds.

    8. Develops and tests new     drugs and medications used for commercial distribution.

    9. Prepares reports and recommendations based upon research outcomes.

    10. Design and build laboratory equipment needed for special research projects.

    11. Cleans, purifies, refines, and otherwise prepares pharmaceutical compounds for commercial distribution.

    12. Analyzes foods to determine nutritional value and effects of cooking, canning, and processing on this value.

    KNOWLEDGE:
    Knowledge elements are ranked by importance.

    100 Chemistry
    Knowledge of the composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods

    88 Biology
    Knowledge of plant and animal living tissue, cells, organisms, and entities, including their functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment

    67 Mathematics
    Knowledge of numbers, their operations, and interrelationships including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications

    46 English Language
    Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar

    33 Building and Construction
    Knowledge of materials, methods, and the appropriate tools to construct objects, structures, and buildings

    29 Clerical
    Knowledge of administrative and clerical procedures and systems such as word processing systems, filing and records management systems, stenography and transcription, forms design principles, and other office procedures and terminology

    25 Engineering and Technology
    Knowledge of equipment, tools, mechanical devices, and their uses to produce motion, light, power, technology, and other applications

    21 Mechanical
    Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, benefits, repair, and maintenance

    17 Physics
    Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, and applications including air, water, material dynamics, light, atomic principles, heat, electric theory, earth formations, and meteorological and related natural phenomena

    13 Computers and Electronics
    Knowledge of electric circuit boards, processors, chips, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming

    8 Design
    Knowledge of design techniques, principles, tools and instruments involved in the production and use of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models

    8 Communications and Media
    Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods including alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media

    4 Medicine and Dentistry
    Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures

    SKILLS:
    Skills elements are ranked by importance.

    100 Science
    Using scientific methods to solve problems

    85 Information Gathering
    Knowing how to find information and identifying essential information

    85 Reading Comprehension
    Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work related documents

    85 Writing
    Communicating effectively with others in writing as indicated by the needs of the audience

    85 Mathematics
    Using mathematics to solve problems

    85 Critical Thinking
    Using logic and analysis to identify the strengths and weaknesses of different approaches

    85 Active Learning
    Working with new material or information to grasp its implications

    70 Problem Identification
    Identifying the nature of problems

    70 Idea Generation
    Generating a number of different approaches to problems

    65 Idea Evaluation
    Evaluating the likely success of an idea in relation to the demands of the situation

    65 Testing
    Conducting tests to determine whether equipment, software, or procedures are operating as expected

    65 Equipment Selection
    Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job

    60 Information Organization
    Finding ways to structure or classify multiple pieces of information

    60 Synthesis/Reorganization
    Reorganizing information to get a better approach to problems or tasks

    55 Identification of Key Causes
    Identifying the things that must be changed to achieve a goal

    55 Solution Appraisal
    Observing and evaluating the outcomes of a problem solution to identify lessons learned or redirect efforts

    50 Identifying Downstream Consequences
    Determining the long-term outcomes of a change in operations

    50 Judgment and Decision Making
    Weighing the relative costs and benefits of a potential action

    50 Monitoring
    Assessing how well one is doing when learning or doing something

    50 Visioning
    Developing an image of how a system should work under ideal conditions

    50 Product Inspection
    Inspecting and evaluating the quality of products

    45 Operations Analysis
    Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design

    45 Implementation Planning
    Developing approaches for implementing an idea

    45 Programming
    Writing computer programs for various purposes

    40 Operation and Control
    Controlling operations of equipment or systems

    40 Systems Perception
    Determining when important changes have occurred in a system or are likely to occur

    35 Management of Material Resources
    Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work

    35 Technology Design
    Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs

    35 Operation Monitoring
    Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly

    35 Learning Strategies
    Using multiple approaches when learning or teaching new things

    35 Active Listening
    Listening to what other people are saying and asking questions as appropriate

    35 Speaking
    Talking to others to effectively convey information

    25 Coordination
    Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions

    25 Equipment Maintenance
    Performing routine maintenance and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed

    25 Instructing
    Teaching others how to do something

    25 Time Management
    Managing one's own time and the time of others

    25 Systems Evaluation
    Looking at many indicators of system performance, taking into account their accuracy

    20 Troubleshooting
    Determining what is causing an operating error and deciding what to do about it

    20 Persuasion
    Persuading others to approach things differently

    15 Repairing
    Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools

    15 Social Perceptiveness
    Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react the way they do

    15 Management of Financial Resources
    Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures

    15 Installation
    Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications

    15 Negotiation
    Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences

    10 Management of Personnel Resources
    Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job

    5 Service Orientation
    Actively looking for ways to help people .

    ABILITIES:
    Abilities elements are ranked by importance.

    90 Inductive Reasoning
    The ability to combine separate pieces of information, or specific answers to problems, to form general rules or conclusions. It includes coming up with a logical explanation for why a series of seemingly unrelated events occur together.

    80 Written Comprehension
    The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing

    80 Deductive Reasoning
    The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to come up with logical answers. It involves deciding if an answer makes sense.

    75 Written Expression
    The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand

    75 Information Ordering
    The ability to correctly follow a given rule or set of rules in order to arrange things or actions in a certain order. The things or actions can include numbers, letters, words, pictures, procedures, sentences, and mathematical or logical operations.

    70 Near Vision
    The ability to see details of objects at a close range (within a few feet of the observer)

    65 Problem Sensitivity
    The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing there is a problem.

    60 Memorization
    The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures

    60 Category Flexibility
    The ability to produce many rules so that each rule tells how to group (or combine) a set of things in a different way.

    55 Number Facility
    The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly

    50 Originality
    The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem

    45 Visualization
    The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged

    45 Finger Dexterity
    The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects

    45 Selective Attention
    The ability to concentrate and not be distracted while performing a task over a period of time

    45 Oral Comprehension
    The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences

    45 Oral Expression
    The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand

    45 Fluency of Ideas
    The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a given topic. It concerns the number of ideas produced and not the quality, correctness, or creativity of the ideas.

    40 Speed of Closure
    The ability to quickly make sense of information that seems to be without meaning or organization. It involves quickly combining and organizing different pieces of information into a meaningful pattern

    40 Mathematical Reasoning
    The ability to understand and organize a problem and then to select a mathematical method or formula to solve the problem

    40 Arm-Hand Steadiness
    The ability to keep the hand and arm steady while making an arm movement or while holding the arm and hand in one position

    40 Perceptual Speed
    The ability to quickly and accurately compare letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object

    35 Flexibility of Closure
    The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material

    35 Control Precision
    The ability to quickly and repeatedly make precise adjustments in moving the controls of a machine or vehicle to exact positions

    35 Time Sharing
    The ability to efficiently shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources)

    30 Wrist-Finger Speed
    The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists

    30 Manual Dexterity
    The ability to quickly make coordinated movements of one hand, a hand together with its arm, or two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects

    25 Multilimb Coordination
    The ability to coordinate movements of two or more limbs together (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the body is in motion

    20 Visual Color Discrimination
    The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness

    20 Far Vision
    The ability to see details at a distance

    20 Auditory Attention
    The ability to focus on a single source of auditory (hearing) information in the presence of other distracting sounds

    20 Trunk Strength
    The ability to use one's abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing

    15 Hearing Sensitivity
    The ability to detect or tell the difference between sounds that vary over broad ranges of pitch and loudness

    15 Depth Perception
    The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from the observer, or to judge the distance between an object and the observer

    15 Response Orientation
    The ability to choose quickly and correctly between two or more movements in response to two or more signals (lights, sounds, pictures, etc.). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body parts

    15 Extent Flexibility
    The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with the body, arms, and/or legs

    10 Spatial Orientation
    The ability to know one's location in relation to the environment, or to know where other objects are in relation to one's self

    10 Speech Recognition
    The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person

    10 Static Strength
    The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects

    10 Reaction Time
    The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to one signal (sound, light, picture, etc.) when it appears

    10 Rate Control
    The ability to time the adjustments of a movement or equipment control in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a continuously moving object or scene

    10 Glare Sensitivity
    The ability to see objects in the presence of glare or bright lighting

    10 Speech Clarity
    The ability to speak clearly so that it is understandable to a listener

    10 Stamina
    The ability to exert one's self physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath

    5 Gross Body Coordination
    The ability to coordinate the movement of the arms, legs, and torso together in activities where the whole body is in motion

    5 Explosive Strength
    The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object

    5 Sound Localization
    The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated

    5 Speed of Limb Movement
    The ability to quickly move the arms or legs

    5 Night Vision
    The ability to see under low light conditions

    5 Peripheral Vision
    The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are focused forward

    WORK ACTIVITIES:
    Work activities elements are ranked by importance.

    100 Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events
    Identifying information received by making estimates or categorizations, recognizing differences or similarities, or sensing changes in circumstances or events.

    100 Getting Information Needed to Do the Job
    Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.

    92 Documenting or Recording Information
    Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in either written form or by electronic/magnetic recording.

    92 Monitor Processes, Material, or Surroundings
    Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, often to detect problems or to find out when things are finished.

    88 Analyzing Data or Information
    Identifying underlying principles, reasons, or facts by breaking down information or data into separate parts.

    88 Processing Information
    Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, verifying, or processing information or data.

    83 Updating and Using Job-Relevant Knowledge
    Keeping up-to-date technically and knowing one's own jobs' and related jobs' functions.

    83 Implementing Ideas or Programs
    Conducting or carrying out work procedures and activities in accord with one's own ideas or information provided through directions/instructions for purposes of installing, modifying, preparing, delivering, constructing, integrating, finishing, or completing programs, systems, structures, or products.

    79 Controlling Machines and Processes
    Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).

    75 Interpreting Meaning of Information to Others
    Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be understood or used to support responses or feedback to others.

    75 Making Decisions and Solving Problems
    Combining, evaluating, and reasoning with information and data to make decisions and solve problems. These processes involve making decisions about the relative importance of information and choosing the best solution.

    75 Providing Consultation and Advice to Others
    Providing consultation and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-related, or process related topics.

    71 Communicating With Other Workers
    Providing information to supervisors, fellow workers, and subordinates. This information can be exchanged face-to-face, in writing, or via telephone/electronic transfer.

    67 Judging Qualities of Things, Services, or People
    Making judgments about or assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.

    67 Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing
    Developing plans to accomplish work, and prioritizing and organizing one's own work.

    67 Handling and Moving Objects
    Using one's own hands and arms in handling, installing, forming, positioning, and moving materials, or in manipulating things, including the use of keyboards.

    63 Estimating Needed Characteristics
    Estimating the Characteristics of Materials, Products, Events, or Information: Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities, or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.

    58 Developing Objectives and Strategies
    Establishing long range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve these objectives.

    54 Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Material
    Inspecting or diagnosing equipment, structures, or materials to identify the causes of errors or other problems or defects.

    54 Performing Administrative Activities
    Approving requests, handling paperwork, and performing day-to-day administrative tasks.

    50 Evaluating Information Against Standards
    Evaluating information against a set of standards and verifying that it is correct.

    50 Thinking Creatively
    Originating, inventing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.

    50 Monitoring and Controlling Resources
    Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.

    50 Drafting and Specifying Technical Devices
    Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to inform others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.

    46 Communicating With Persons Outside Organization
    Communicating with persons outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged face-to-face, in writing, or via telephone/electronic transfer.

    38 Interacting With Computers
    Controlling computer functions by using programs, setting up functions, writing software, or otherwise communicating with computer systems.

    17 Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment
    Fixing, servicing, aligning, setting up, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

    17 Performing General Physical Activities
    Performing physical activities that require moving one's whole body, such as in climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, where the activities often also require considerable use of the arms and legs, such as in the physical handling of materials.

    17 Repairing and Maintaining Electrical Equipment
    Fixing, servicing, adjusting, regulating, calibrating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.

    17 Establishing and Maintaining Relationships
    Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others.

    8 Selling or Influencing Others
    Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods, or otherwise changing their minds or actions.

    8 Scheduling Work and Activities
    Scheduling events, programs, activities, as well as the work of others.

    8 Teaching Others
    Identifying educational needs, developing formal training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.

    4 Coaching and Developing Others
    Identifying developmental needs of others and coaching or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.

    4 Guiding, Directing and Motivating Subordinates
    Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring subordinates.

    4 Developing and Building Teams
    Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.

    4 Coordinating Work and Activities of Others
    Coordinating members of a work group to accomplish tasks.

    4 Resolving Conflict or Negotiating with Others
    Handling complaints, arbitrating disputes, and resolving grievances, or otherwise negotiating with others.

    WORK CONTEXT:
    Work context elements are ranked by frequency (F), importance (I), responsibility (R), amount of contact (C), how serious (S), objective vs. subjective (O), automation (A), extent of frustration (E), responsible for health and safety (H), likelihood of injury (L), degree of injury (D) .

    95 (F) Indoors
    How frequently does this job require the worker to work: Indoors

    84 (I) Importance of Being Sure All Is Done
    How important is it to be sure that all the details of this job are performed and everything is done completely?

    84 (I) Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
    How important is being very exact or highly accurate in performing this job?

    75 (F) Using Hands on Objects, Tools, Controls
    How much time in a usual work period does the worker spend: Using hands to handle, control, or feel objects, tools or controls?

    60 (F) Sitting
    How much time in a usual work period does the worker spend: Sitting?

    60 (S) Consequence of Error
    How serious would the result usually be if the worker made a mistake that was not readily correctable?

    55 (F) Common Protective or Safety Attire
    How often does the worker wear: Common protective or safety attire, such as safety shoes, glasses, gloves, hearing protection, hard-hat, or personal flotation device?

    50 (F) Contaminants
    How often during a usual work period is the worker exposed to the following conditions: Contaminants (pollutants, gases, dust, odors, etc.)?

    45 (F) Diseases or Infections
    How often does this job require the worker to be exposed to diseases/infection? Diseases/Infections (e.g., patient care, some laboratory work, sanitation control, etc.)

    43 (E) Frustrating Circumstances
    To what extent do frustrating circumstances ("road blocks" to work that are beyond the worker's control) hinder the accomplishment of this job?

    40 (F) Standing
    How much time in a usual work period does the worker spend: Standing?

    35 (F) Making Repetitive Motions
    How much time in a usual work period does the worker spend: Making repetitive motions?

    32 (D) Diseases or Infections
    If injury, due to exposure to diseases/infection, were to occur while performing this job, how serious would be the likely outcome? Diseases/Infections (e.g., patient care, some laboratory work, sanitation control, etc.)

    32 (I) Importance of Being Aware of New Events
    How important is being constantly aware of either frequently changing events (e.g. security guard watching for shoplifters) or infrequent events (e.g. radar operator watching for tornadoes) to performing this job?

    30 (F) Hazardous Conditions
    How often does this job require the worker to be exposed to hazardous conditions? Hazardous Conditions (e.g., high voltage electricity, combustibles, explosives, chemicals; do not include hazardous equipment or situations)

    30 (O) Objective or Subjective Information
    How objective or subjective is the information communicated in this job?

    29 (L) Diseases or Infections
    What is the likelihood that the worker would be injured as a result of being exposed to diseases/infections while performing this job? Diseases/Infections (e.g., patient care, some laboratory work, sanitation control, etc.)

    26 (H) Responsible for Health and Safety of Others
    How responsible is the worker for others' health and safety on this job?

    24 (I) Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
    How important is repeating the same physical activities (e.g., key entry) or mental activities (e.g., checking entries in a ledger) over and over, without stopping, to performing this job?

    20 (F) Outdoors
    How frequently does this job require the worker to work: Outdoors

    20 (F) Specialized Protective or Safety Attire
    How often does the worker wear: Specialized protective or safety attire, such as breathing apparatus, safety harness, full protection suit, or radiation protection?

    20 (F) Special Uniform
    How often does the worker wear: A special uniform, such as that of a commercial pilot, nurse, police officer, or military personnel?

    17 (R) Responsibility for Outcomes and Results
    How responsible is the worker for work outcomes and results of other workers?

    17 (L) Hazardous Conditions
    What is the likelihood that the worker would be injured as a result of being exposed to hazardous conditions while performing this job? Hazardous Conditions (e.g., high voltage electricity, combustibles, explosives, chemicals; do not include hazardous equipment or situations)

    16 (I) Provide a Service to Others
    How important are interactions requiring the worker to: Provide a service to others (e.g., customers)?

    16 (D) Hazardous Conditions
    If injury, due to exposure to hazardous conditions, were to occur while performing this job, how serious would be the likely outcome? Hazardous Conditions (e.g., high voltage electricity, combustibles, explosives, chemicals; do not include hazardous equipment or situations)

    15 (F) Bending or Twisting the Body
    How much time in a usual work period does the worker spend: Bending or twisting the body?

    15 (F) Hazardous Situations
    How often does this job require the worker to be exposed to harardous situations? Hazardous Situations involving likely cuts, bites, stings, or minor burns

    15 (F) Walking or Running
    How much time in a usual work period does the worker spend: Walking or running?

    15 (F) Radiation
    How often does this job require the worker to be exposed to radiation?

    13 (A) Degree of Automation
    Indicate the level of automation of this job.

    12 (I) Supervise, Coach, Train Others
    How important are interactions requiring the worker to: Supervise, coach, train, or develop other employees?

    12 (I) Persuade Someone to a Course of Action
    How important are interactions requiring the worker to: Persuade someone to a course of action (informally) or influence others to buy something (to sell)?

    12 (I) Coordinate or Lead Others
    How important are interactions requiring the worker to: Coordinate or lead others in accomplishing work activities (not supervision)?

    12 (I) Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
    How important is it to this job that the pace is determined by the speed of equipment or machinery? (This does not refer to keeping busy at all times on this job.)

    10 (F) Frequency in Conflict Situations
    How frequently do the job requirements place the worker in conflict situations?

    10 (F) Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting
    How often during a usual work period is the worker exposed to the following conditions: Extremely bright or inadequate lighting conditions?

    10 (F) Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
    How often during a usual work period is the worker exposed to the following conditions: Cramped work space that requires getting into awkward positions?

    10 (F) Kneeling, Crouching or Crawling
    How much time in a usual work period does the worker spend: Kneeling, stooping, crouching or crawling?

    10 (F) Hazardous Equipment
    How often does this job require the worker to be exposed to harardous equipment? Hazardous Equipment (e.g., saws, machinery/mechanical parts include exposure to vehicular traffic, but not driving a vehicle)

    9 (L) Hazardous Situations
    What is the likelihood that the worker would be injured as a result of being exposed to hazardous situations while performing this job? Hazardous Situations involving likely cuts, bites, stings, or minor burns

    8 (D) Radiation
    If injury, due to exposure to radiation, were to occur while performing this job, how serious would be the likely outcome?

    8 (D) Hazardous Situations
    If injury, due to exposure to hazardous situations, were to occur while performing this job, how serious would be the likely outcome? Hazardous Situations involving likely cuts, bites, stings, or minor burns

    8 (I) Deal With External Customers
    How important are interactions requiring the worker to: Deal with external customers (e.g., retail sales) or the public in general (e.g., police work)?

    8 (C) Job-Required Social Interaction
    How much does this job require the worker to be in contact (face-to-face, by telephone, or otherwise) with others in order to perform it?

    8 (D) Hazardous Equipment
    If injury, due to exposure to hazardous equipment, were to occur while performing this job, how serious would be the likely outcome? Hazardous Equipment (e.g., saws, machinery/mechanical parts include exposure to vehicular traffic, but not driving a vehicle)

    8 (I) Take a Position Opposed to Others
    How important are interactions requiring the worker to: Take a position opposed to coworkers or others?

    6 (L) Hazardous Equipment
    What is the likelihood that the worker would be injured as a result of being exposed to hazardous equipment while performing this job? Hazardous Equipment (e.g., saws, machinery/mechanical parts include exposure to vehicular traffic, but not driving a vehicle)

    6 (L) Radiation
    What is the likelihood that the worker would be injured as a result of being exposed to radiation while performing this job?

    5 (F) Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, Poles, etc.
    How much time in a usual work period does the worker spend: Climbing ladders, scaffolds, poles, etc?

    5 (F) Very Hot
    How often during a usual work period is the worker exposed to the following conditions: Very hot (above 90 F) or very cold (under 32 F) temperatures?

    5 (F) Keeping or Regaining Balance
    How much time in a usual work period does the worker spend: Keeping or regaining balance?

    5 (F) Sounds or Noise Levels Are Distracting
    How often during a usual work period is the worker exposed to the following conditions: Sounds and noise levels that are distracting and uncomfortable?

    INTERESTS:
    Interest elements are ranked by occupational interest.

    100 Investigative
    Investigative occupations frequently involve working with ideas, and require an extensive amount of thinking. These occupations can involve searching for facts and figuring out problems mentally.

    67 Realistic
    Realistic occupations frequently involve work activities that include practical, hands-on problems and solutions. They often deal with plants, animals, and real-world materials like wood, tools, and machinery. Many of the occupations require working outside, and do not involve a lot of paperwork or working closely with others.

    44 Conventional
    Conventional occupations frequently involve following set procedures and routines. These occupations can include working with data and details more than with ideas. Usually there is a clear line of authority to follow.

    33 Artistic
    Artistic occupations frequently involve working with forms, designs and patterns. They often require self-expression and the work can be done without following a clear set of rules.

    17 Enterprising
    Enterprising occupations frequently involve starting up and carrying out projects. These occupations can involve leading people and making many decisions. Sometimes they require risk taking and often deal with business.

    17 Social
    Social occupations frequently involve working with, communicating with, and teaching people. These occupations often involve helping or providing service to others.

    WORK VALUES:
    Work values elements are ranked by extent.

    86 Independence-Mean Extent
    Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employs to work on their own and make decisions. Corresponding needs are Creativity, Responsibility and Autonomy.

    83 Achievement-Mean Extent
    Occupations that satisfy this work value are results oriented and allow employees to use their strongest abilities, giving them a feeling of accomplishment. Corresponding needs are Ability Utilization and Achievement.

    70 Working Conditions-Mean Extent
    Occupations that satisfy this work value offer job security and good working conditions. Corresponding needs are Activity, Compensation, Independence, Security, Variety and Working Conditions.

    52 Recognition-Mean Extent
    Occupations that satisfy this work value offer advancement, potential for leadership, and are often considered prestigious. Corresponding needs are Advancement, Authority, Recognition and Social Status.

    43 Support-Mean Extent
    Occupations that satisfy this work value offer supportive management that stands behind employees. Corresponding needs are Company Policies, Supervision: Human Relations and Supervision: Technical.

    40 Relationships-Mean Extent
    Occupations that satisfy this work value allow employees to provide service to others and work with co-workers in a friendly non-competitive environment. Corresponding needs are Co-workers, Moral Values and Social Service.

    91 Ability Utilization
    Workers on this job make use of their individual abilities

    88 Autonomy
    Workers on this job plan their work with little supervision

    88 Creativity
    Workers on this job try out their own ideas

    84 Responsibility
    Workers on this job make decisions on their own

    78 Independence
    Workers on this job do their work alone

    78 Security
    Workers on this job have steady employment

    75 Achievement
    Workers on this job get a feeling of accomplishment

    72 Activity
    Workers on this job are busy all the time

    69 Social Status
    Workers on this job are looked up to by others in their company and their community

    69 Working Conditions
    Workers on this job have good working conditions

    66 Recognition
    Workers on this job receive recognition for the work they do

    66 Moral Values
    Workers on this job are never pressured to do things that go against their sense of right and wrong

    66 Compensation
    Workers on this job are paid well in comparison with other workers

    66 Company Policies and Practices
    Workers on this job are treated fairly by the company

    59 Variety
    Workers on this job have something different to do every day

    50 Advancement
    Workers on this job have opportunities for advancement

    47 Supervision, Human Relations
    Workers on this job have supervisors who back up their workers with management

    34 Co-workers
    Workers on this job have co-workers who are easy to get along with

    25 Authority
    Workers on this job give directions and instructions to others

    19 Social Service
    Workers on this job have work where they do things for other people

    16 Supervision, Technical
    Workers on this job have supervisors who train their workers well

    CROSSWALKS:
    DOT91 (Dictionary of Occupational Titles): 041061026 Biochemist

    AIM97 (Apprenticeship Information Management): No crosswalks

    CEN90 (1990 Census Occupations): 078 Biological and Life Scientists

    CIP90 (Classification of Instructional Programs): 260203 Biophysics
    260701 Zoology, General
    260202 Biochemistry
    260705 Pharmacology, Human and Animal
    260616 Biotechnology Research
    511302 Medical Biochemistry

    GOE93 (Guide for Occupational Exploration): 020203 Life Sciences: Plant and Animal Specialization

    MOC97 (Military Occupational Codes): 0840 Biochemist
    71B Biochemistry
    43T4A Biomedical Laboratory
    43T1D Biomedical Laboratory
    43T4E Biomedical Laboratory
    43T3G Biomedical Laboratory
    43T4G Biomedical Laboratory
    43T1A Biomedical Laboratory
    43T4D Biomedical Laboratory
    43T1E Biomedical Laboratory
    43T1C Biomedical Laboratory
    43T4C Biomedical Laboratory
    43T1G Biomedical Laboratory
    43T3A Biomedical Laboratory
    43T3C Biomedical Laboratory
    43T3D Biomedical Laboratory
    43T3E Biomedical Laboratory

    OES98 (Occupational Employment Statistics): 24308 Biological Scientists

    OPM97 (Office of Personnel Management Occupations): 1320 Chemistry
    0401 General Biological Science
    0601 General Health Science
    0440 Genetics

    SOC98 (Standard Occupational Classification): 19-1021 Biochemists and Biophysicists